Oman

Oman holds the distinction of being the oldest independent state in the Arab world, a legacy sustained by the continuous rule of the Al Bu Said dynasty since 1744. Historically, Oman rose to prominence as a regional power starting in the 17th century, establishing an empire that rivaled those of Portugal and Britain for influence in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean. At its zenith in the 19th century, Omani dominion extended across the Strait of Hormuz, encompassing territories that now constitute parts of Iran and Pakistan, and reaching as far south as Zanzibar. Throughout the 20th century, while maintaining de jure sovereignty, Oman experienced increasing British influence. Today, Oman continues to navigate its unique position as a modern nation with a rich and complex historical heritage.